Population rate by race

 

The 1912 Population Census identified both Colombian populations as an Indian, using the criterion of race to determine the ethnic population. This census showed 6.8% as a result of indigenous and Afro population 6.4. By 1918, the IX Population Census used the perception of the interviewer to know the indigenous black population and physical traits and thus was able to capture the ethnic groups at that time was estimated to be 6% of the total.

 

With respect to the 2005 census, it was found that reside in Colombia indigenous 1,392,623 corresponding to 3.43% of the population; the afrocolombianos33 are 4,311,757 people, 10.62% of the total and the Rom or gypsy village is made up of 4,858 people representing 0.01% of the total population, which means that the Colombian population was recognized as belonging to an ethnic group corresponds to 14.06% of the Colombian population, the remaining 85.94% was not considered belonging to none of the above ethnic groups.

 

The indigenous population is young, 40% of the population is under 15 years. The age group has a higher concentration of population is zero to four years, followed by the group of 5-9 years. Comparing the indigenous population with other populations shows that this ethnic group has a higher proportion of younger population and consequently a lower proportion of older population. High rates of birth and death are evident.

 

The Afro-Colombian population has a similar structure of the national population; the smallest African population aged 15 represents a third of the population, however, the percentage of population groups 0-4 years, and 5-9 years is a little larger than the respective age groups for nationwide total. The age groups of the population under age 15 are very similar percentage of the population which may mean that infant mortality in this population it is less than that observed in the indigenous or born in this population proportionately fewer children in the indigenous population.

 

The ROM has a population aging process greater than that presented in the national population and Afro-Colombians. missing population are evident in some age groups, especially in the male population aged 25 to 34, which can be caused by migration processes or non-recognition as ROM in the census population. The high volume of people in the age group 20 to 24 years may be due to poor age reporting. (DIRECCIÓN DE CENSOS Y DEMOGRAFÍA, 2007)

TAKEN FROM:

DIRECCIÓN DE CENSOS Y DEMOGRAFÍA. (Mayo de 2007). DANE. Recuperado el 12 de Febrero de 2016, de DANE: http://www.dane.gov.co/files/censo2005/etnia/sys/colombia_nacion.pdf

 

 

By age

Since the late twentieth century in Colombia, the demographic transition has been determined by the decrease in mortality and fertility transition. This transition has historically been characterized by a decrease in mortality in the thirties and a decrease in fertility from the sixties of the twentieth century, which affected the aging population; evidence of this process is the increase in the rate of population growth as age cohorts. In Colombia, it shows how mortality declined before birth, causing other demographic changes. Thus, in the early twentieth century, a crude death rate of 23.5 ‰ in the 50s down to 22 ‰ and the period from 1951 to 1964 it had, the period from 1985 to 1993 increased from 13 ‰ to 7.2 ‰. For 2010-2015, a rate of 5.7 ‰ is calculated. In this context it is important to note the decrease in infant mortality, increased life expectancy at birth and improving social development indicators. Infant mortality fell from 186 ‰ in the early twentieth century to 150 ‰ in 1951; for 2000 was 25.6 ‰, and in 2010 came to 17.1 ‰ (DANE 2012). The aging index defined as the weight of the adult population with regard to children and adolescents has tripled in the last decades. 10 went to 34 (seniors per 100 persons under 15 years) between 1964 and 2010, and in accordance with the observed trend, keep sustained increases in the near future. Increases both the volume and the relative weight of the population have been evident in recent years. This is evident when comparing, for example, the population aged 60 and over from 1985 to 2005, which went from 2.1 to 3.8 million people respectively, which represents an increase of 78% of this population. (Ministerio de Salud y Protección Social, 2013). Two facts emerge in analyzing the information. The first is that the pyramid is reversing; this means that a small population of working age must meet the demands of a higher number of older adults. The second is that, reviewing these forecasts between 2015 and 2050, the population over 70 years will increase from 4.3% of the total population, 13.8%. (Dinero, 2015)

 

TAKEN FROM:

 

Dinero. (2015). Bomba demográfica. Dinero.

Ministerio de Salud y Protección Social. (Abril de 2013). Ministerio de Salud. Recuperado el 12 de Febrero de 2016, de Ministerio de Salud: https://www.minsalud.gov.co/sites/rid/Lists/BibliotecaDigital/RIDE/DE/PS/Envejecimiento-demografico-Colombia-1951-2020.pdf

 

 

By sex

 

Longevity is higher for women for biological reasons. The difference in life expectancy between men and women is between 3 and 6 years in most countries. In Colombia, the violence is determining a male over the age of mortality in young adults, and this affects a large differential in life expectancy. The violence.

 

In the immediate future is worrisome social security of women, for the following reasons: a) exclusion of men from the labor market and therefore of social security; b) access for women to the labor market in ever more precarious conditions, flexible and without social security; c) family crisis socioeconomic, cultural and violence reasons that increase the number of women heads of family households split or incomplete; d) the work cycle women hardly allowed to accumulate the required time and contribute enough to retire, even more so when times are not continuous work and age and contribution requirements increase; e) The adverse financial situation of social security public and the gradual privatization of the system. (CEPAL, 2002)

 

The participation of women in the conformation of Congress has reached its highest representation in 2010 to reach 13.10% in that year, being the year 2006, the lowest percentage of women elected with 10.4%. In 2002 the number of women elected to Congress was 34, equivalent to 12.69% of elected members. In 2006, 28 women came to Congress, meaning that the total percentage of female representation reached 10.4% of Congress, being 11.76% and 9.69% in the Senate in the House of Representatives. By 2010 the figure reached 35 percent in 2006 exceeded going from 10.4% to 13.10% representation. In Senate it reached 15.68% and 11.51% Chamber. At each election the number of women registered as candidates, from 165 in 2002 to 475 in 2006 is increased, reaching 510 in 2010. (Registraduría Nacional del Estado Civil)

 

TAKEN FROM:

 

CEPAL. (31 de Octubre de 2002). CEPAL. Recuperado el 12 de Febrero de 2016, de CEPAL: http://www.cepal.org/mujer/noticias/noticias/1/11151/tendencias.pdf

Registraduría Nacional del Estado Civil. (s.f.). Registraduría Nacional del Estado Civil. Recuperado el 12 de Febrero de 2016, de Registraduría Nacional del Estado Civil: http://www.registraduria.gov.co/Aumenta-la-participacion-de-la.html

 

 

Level of affluence

 

Capitalism has increased the concentration of wealth by a few. In Colombia the issue is even worse, according to research by Ricardo Rocha Garcia and published by the National Planning Department (DNP) has worsened by drug trafficking. The traditional measure of inequality is the Gini coefficient, in which 0 is perfect equality and 1 is total inequality. This Colombia remains at 0.5, making it the third country in the region, after Haiti and Brazil, with the worst results.

 

However, there are other calculations that showcase inequality. Palma is the case index, which for Colombia is located at 4%. Roberto Angle, a researcher on the subject, explained that this means that 10% of the richest population earns four times more than the poorest 40%, Compared to the region, only it surpassed by Honduras and Bolivia.

 

Rocha Garcia explains that drug trafficking was one of the main causes of persistent high levels of inequality, because before the decade of the 70 major reductions they were then in the 80's the figure, which remains soared. The point is that the drug trade has created an economic environment of informality, where the 'capos' focused from the entrance to the property. Precisely informality has been rated as one of the causes of economic growth is not reflected in all corners of the country. That is another of the structural problems of the national economy, as reaches 48.5% of the employed, according to figures to May this year. (María Alejandra Sanchez, 2014)

The international organization Oxfam denounced in a report released Monday that rich elites are divided political power to manipulate the rules of the economic game, undermining democracy and creating a world in which the richest 85 people accumulate as much wealth as half the world's poorest people together. Rule for the elite, published on the eve of the World Economic Forum to be held this week in Davos, details the detrimental impact that growing inequality has both in developed countries and those developing, allowing the richest people undermine democratic processes and develop policies that favor their interests at the expense of the rest of the world. The report said, however, people are increasingly aware of this hoarding of power. Surveys conducted by Oxfam in six countries (Brazil, India, South Africa, Spain, United Kingdom and United States) show that the majority of respondents think that the laws are biased in favor of the wealthiest. (DINERO, 2014).

 

TAKEN FROM:

DINERO. (2014). 1% de la población controla el 46% de la riqueza. DINERO.

María Alejandra Sanchez. (2014). 10 cifras económicas que explican por qué Colombia tiene alta desigualdad. DINERO.